Core Blood Pressure Indicators
1. Systolic Pressure (High Pressure)
Reflects the maximum pressure on the blood vessel walls when the heart contracts. The normal range is 90-120 mmHg. A persistent reading of ≥140 mmHg may indicate hypertension and requires confirmation through symptoms and multiple measurements.
Diastolic Pressure (Low Pressure)
Shows the minimum pressure on the blood vessel walls when the heart relaxes. The normal range is 60-80 mmHg. A reading <60 mmHg may indicate hypotension and requires investigation for causes such as anemia or dehydration.
2. Pulse
The normal adult heart rate is 60-100 beats per minute. A rate that is too fast (>100 beats/min) may be caused by fever or hyperthyroidism, while a rate that is too slow (<60 beats/min) may be related to heart disease or medication.
3. Special Parameters of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring
24-hour average blood pressure: Overall 24-hour blood pressure should be <130/80 mmHg, daytime <135/85 mmHg, and nighttime <120/70 mmHg.
Blood pressure circadian rhythm: Normally shows a "dipping" pattern (nighttime blood pressure decreases by 10%-20%). A non-dipping or reverse-dipping pattern indicates an abnormal rhythm and requires adjustment of medication timing.
Blood pressure load value: A percentage of readings exceeding the normal range >35% indicates abnormality, and >50% can be used as a diagnostic indicator for hypertension.
Morning blood pressure surge: When the morning systolic blood pressure is >35 mmHg higher than the nighttime reading, the cardiovascular risk increases, and the antihypertensive treatment plan needs to be optimized.
Abnormal Indications and Precautions
1. Warning symbols: If the instrument flashes or emits an alarm sound, it may indicate a measurement error or a reading exceeding the normal range. Re-measure after resting.
2. Measurement guidelines: It is recommended to measure twice in the morning and evening, 1-2 minutes apart, and take the average value; avoid measuring within 30 minutes after exercise, caffeine consumption, or smoking.
3. Recording trends: Monitor and record data at fixed times. If you find that the systolic blood pressure consistently ≥135 mmHg or the diastolic blood pressure ≥85 mmHg, seek medical attention promptly.
